Viscose, a semi-synthetic fiber derived from wood pulp, is known for its silky texture, beautiful drape, and breathability. It’s a popular choice for clothing, home textiles, and even industrial applications. However, viscose has a reputation for being delicate and prone to shrinkage or damage when washed improperly. So, the burning question remains: Can you wash 100 percent viscose? The answer is nuanced, and this guide will walk you through everything you need to know to keep your viscose garments looking their best.
Understanding Viscose: Properties and Challenges
Before diving into washing techniques, it’s crucial to understand the fundamental properties of viscose and the challenges they present when it comes to laundering.
Viscose fibers are absorbent, which is why they feel comfortable against the skin. This absorbency also means they are susceptible to changes in shape when wet. The fibers swell, weakening the fabric and making it vulnerable to stretching and shrinkage. Furthermore, viscose loses a significant amount of strength when wet, making it more prone to tearing or damage during agitation in a washing machine.
Another key characteristic of viscose is its tendency to wrinkle easily. This is because the fibers lack natural resilience. While ironing can restore the fabric’s smooth appearance, excessive ironing at high temperatures can further damage the fibers.
Different Types of Viscose
It’s important to note that “viscose” is an umbrella term encompassing various types of rayon fabrics. These include:
- Regular Viscose (Rayon): This is the most common type and is generally considered the least durable when wet.
- Modal: A stronger and more resilient type of viscose that is less prone to shrinkage.
- Lyocell (Tencel): Considered the most environmentally friendly and durable type of viscose. Lyocell is also less prone to wrinkling.
The specific type of viscose will influence its washability. Garment labels should indicate the specific type of rayon used, providing important clues for proper care.
Decoding the Care Label: Your First Line of Defense
The first and most important step in determining how to wash a 100 percent viscose garment is to carefully examine the care label. These labels contain manufacturer-specified instructions regarding washing, drying, ironing, and dry cleaning.
If the label says “Dry Clean Only,” it is generally best to adhere to these instructions, especially for delicate or intricately constructed garments. Dry cleaning uses solvents instead of water, minimizing the risk of shrinkage and damage.
However, even if the label suggests dry cleaning, it might still be possible to hand wash or machine wash the garment with extreme care. Proceed with caution and always test a small, inconspicuous area first.
Understanding Common Care Label Symbols
Care labels use a set of standardized symbols to convey washing, drying, ironing, and dry cleaning instructions. Familiarizing yourself with these symbols is essential for proper garment care.
For example, a bucket symbol indicates washability. A bucket symbol with a hand inside suggests hand washing. A washing machine symbol with a number indicates the maximum wash temperature in degrees Celsius. A triangle indicates whether bleaching is allowed. A square indicates drying instructions. An iron symbol indicates ironing instructions. A circle indicates dry cleaning instructions.
Hand Washing Viscose: A Gentle Approach
Hand washing is generally the safest method for cleaning 100 percent viscose garments, especially delicate items. This method allows for greater control and minimizes the risk of damage.
Fill a clean basin or sink with cool water. Add a small amount of mild detergent specifically designed for delicate fabrics. Gently swirl the water to distribute the detergent. Submerge the viscose garment in the soapy water, ensuring it is fully saturated. Gently agitate the garment in the water for a few minutes, avoiding harsh scrubbing or twisting.
Rinse the garment thoroughly with cool, clear water until all traces of detergent are removed. Avoid wringing the garment to remove excess water, as this can stretch or damage the fibers. Instead, gently squeeze out the water or roll the garment in a clean towel to absorb moisture.
Lay the garment flat on a clean, dry towel or a mesh drying rack to air dry. Avoid hanging viscose garments to dry, as the weight of the wet fabric can cause them to stretch out of shape. Reshape the garment while it is still damp to help maintain its original form.
Machine Washing Viscose: Proceed with Caution
While hand washing is preferred, it is sometimes possible to machine wash 100 percent viscose garments if the care label allows or if you are willing to take extra precautions.
Turn the garment inside out to protect the outer surface from abrasion. Place the garment in a mesh laundry bag to further minimize friction and prevent snagging. Use a mild detergent specifically designed for delicate fabrics. Select the delicate or gentle cycle on your washing machine. Use cool water only. Avoid using fabric softener, as it can leave a residue on viscose fibers and affect their drape.
Once the wash cycle is complete, remove the garment promptly to prevent wrinkles from setting in. Avoid using the machine’s spin cycle to remove excess water, as this can be too harsh for viscose. Instead, gently squeeze out the water or roll the garment in a clean towel to absorb moisture. Lay the garment flat to dry, as described above for hand washing.
Testing Colorfastness
Before washing a viscose garment for the first time, it’s a good idea to test its colorfastness to prevent dye bleeding. Dampen a cotton swab with water and gently rub it on an inconspicuous area of the garment, such as an inside seam. If the dye transfers to the swab, the garment is likely to bleed and should be washed separately or dry cleaned.
Drying Viscose: Avoiding Shrinkage and Damage
Proper drying is just as important as proper washing when it comes to caring for 100 percent viscose garments. High heat and aggressive drying methods can cause shrinkage, damage, and distortion.
As mentioned previously, air drying is the preferred method for drying viscose. Lay the garment flat on a clean, dry towel or a mesh drying rack, reshaping it while it is still damp. Avoid hanging viscose garments to dry, as the weight of the wet fabric can cause them to stretch out of shape.
If you must use a dryer, select the lowest heat setting and the delicate cycle. Remove the garment while it is still slightly damp to prevent overdrying. Overdrying can cause the fibers to become brittle and prone to damage.
Blocking Viscose Garments
Blocking is a technique used to shape and dry knit or crocheted garments, but it can also be used for some woven viscose items. It involves pinning the damp garment to a padded surface, such as a blocking board or a clean towel, in its desired shape. As the garment dries, it will retain the pinned shape. This technique is particularly useful for maintaining the shape of delicate or intricately constructed viscose garments.
Ironing Viscose: A Delicate Balance
Viscose wrinkles easily, so ironing is often necessary to restore its smooth appearance. However, it’s important to iron viscose garments carefully to avoid damage.
Turn the garment inside out. Use a low to medium heat setting on your iron. Use a pressing cloth between the iron and the garment to protect the fibers from direct heat. Iron the garment while it is still slightly damp. Avoid pressing too hard on the fabric, as this can flatten the fibers and create a sheen. Use steam sparingly, as excessive moisture can cause the fabric to stretch.
Dealing with Stubborn Wrinkles
If you encounter stubborn wrinkles that are difficult to remove with ironing, try using a steamer. The gentle steam can help relax the fibers and release the wrinkles without damaging the fabric. Hang the garment in a well-ventilated area after steaming to allow it to dry completely.
Storing Viscose: Protecting Your Investment
Proper storage can help prolong the life of your 100 percent viscose garments and prevent damage.
Hang viscose garments on padded hangers to prevent shoulder indentations. Avoid overcrowding your closet, as this can cause wrinkles and damage. Store viscose garments in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Protect viscose garments from moths and other pests by storing them in garment bags or using cedar chips or lavender sachets.
When in Doubt, Dry Clean
While it is possible to wash 100 percent viscose garments at home with careful attention to detail, dry cleaning remains the safest option, especially for delicate or intricately constructed items. Dry cleaning uses solvents instead of water, minimizing the risk of shrinkage, stretching, and damage.
If you are unsure about how to wash a particular viscose garment, err on the side of caution and take it to a professional dry cleaner. A reputable dry cleaner will have the expertise and equipment to clean your garment safely and effectively.
Conclusion: Washing Viscose Successfully
Washing 100 percent viscose requires a gentle and mindful approach. Understanding the properties of viscose, carefully decoding care labels, and employing appropriate washing and drying techniques are essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of your garments. While hand washing is generally the safest option, machine washing is possible with extra precautions. When in doubt, dry cleaning is always a reliable alternative. By following these guidelines, you can confidently care for your viscose garments and enjoy their luxurious feel for years to come.
FAQ 1: What exactly is viscose and why is it so delicate when washing?
Viscose is a semi-synthetic fiber made from wood pulp or other plant-based sources that has been chemically treated and processed. This process gives viscose a soft, silky feel and a beautiful drape, making it a popular choice for clothing and home textiles. However, the chemical treatment and resulting fiber structure also make viscose inherently weaker when wet.
When viscose gets wet, the fibers swell and lose some of their strength. This makes them more susceptible to stretching, shrinking, and damage during washing, especially with agitation or harsh detergents. The delicate nature of the fibers is why special care is needed when washing 100 percent viscose items.
FAQ 2: Can I wash 100 percent viscose items in a washing machine?
While technically possible, washing 100 percent viscose in a washing machine is generally not recommended as the first choice. Machine washing, even on a delicate cycle, can be too harsh for the fibers, leading to shrinkage, distortion, or damage. The agitation and spinning actions can stress the fabric and compromise its structural integrity.
However, if machine washing is unavoidable, use a mesh laundry bag to protect the garment, select the gentlest cycle available (ideally one specifically designed for delicate fabrics), use cold water, and choose a mild detergent formulated for delicate materials. Avoid using fabric softener, as it can leave a residue that dulls the fabric. It’s always best to test a small, inconspicuous area first to assess how the fabric reacts to the process.
FAQ 3: Is hand washing a safer option for 100 percent viscose?
Yes, hand washing is generally considered a safer and more gentle method for cleaning 100 percent viscose garments. Hand washing allows you to control the water temperature, detergent concentration, and the amount of agitation, minimizing the risk of damage to the delicate fibers.
To hand wash viscose, fill a clean basin or sink with cool water and add a small amount of a mild detergent specifically designed for delicate fabrics. Gently submerge the item and swirl it around in the water, avoiding any harsh scrubbing or wringing. Rinse thoroughly with cool water until all traces of detergent are gone.
FAQ 4: How should I dry 100 percent viscose after washing?
Never put 100 percent viscose in a dryer. The high heat can cause significant shrinkage and irreversible damage to the fabric. The tumbling action can also stretch and distort the garment’s shape.
Instead, gently press out excess water by rolling the item in a clean, dry towel. Then, lay the garment flat on a clean, dry surface, ideally on a mesh drying rack, to air dry. Avoid hanging viscose items, as the weight of the wet fabric can cause stretching and distortion. Keep the garment out of direct sunlight, as this can fade the color.
FAQ 5: What type of detergent is best for washing 100 percent viscose?
The best type of detergent for washing 100 percent viscose is a mild, pH-neutral detergent specifically formulated for delicate fabrics. Look for detergents labeled as “gentle,” “for delicates,” or “for wool and silk.” Avoid using detergents that contain harsh chemicals, bleach, enzymes, or brighteners, as these can damage the fibers and fade the color.
Specifically avoid using regular laundry detergents designed for tougher fabrics like cotton or synthetic blends. These detergents often contain enzymes and other additives that can break down the delicate viscose fibers over time. A small amount of a gentle detergent is all you need to effectively clean viscose without causing damage.
FAQ 6: Can I iron 100 percent viscose?
Yes, you can iron 100 percent viscose, but it’s important to use the correct settings and techniques to avoid damaging the fabric. Viscose is sensitive to high heat, so always use a low to medium heat setting on your iron.
Turn the garment inside out and iron it while it is still slightly damp. Use a pressing cloth between the iron and the fabric to protect it from direct heat. Avoid ironing the fabric when it is completely dry, as this can cause scorching or shine. If the garment is heavily wrinkled, use a steamer instead of an iron, as steaming is a gentler way to remove creases.
FAQ 7: What are some alternative cleaning methods besides washing for 100 percent viscose?
Dry cleaning is a safe and effective alternative cleaning method for 100 percent viscose, especially for delicate or embellished garments. Dry cleaning uses chemical solvents to clean the fabric without water, minimizing the risk of shrinkage, distortion, or damage.
Spot cleaning can also be used for minor stains or spills. Gently blot the affected area with a clean, damp cloth and a small amount of mild detergent. Avoid rubbing or scrubbing, as this can damage the fibers. Allow the area to air dry completely. Airing out the garment regularly can also help to keep it fresh and reduce the need for frequent washing.